The History Of England, From The Invasion Of Julius Caesar To The Revolution Of 1688
- Titel
- The History Of England, From The Invasion Of Julius Caesar To The Revolution Of 1688
- Autor
- Hume, David
- Smollett, Tobias George
- Verleger
- Robinson
- Erscheinungsort
- London
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1833
- Umfang
- XIV Seiten, 10 ungezählte Seiten, 1354 Seiten, 60 ungezählte Seiten
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Signatur
- 2019 9 000401
- Vorlage
- SLUB Dresden
- Digitalisat
- SLUB Dresden
- Lizenz-/Rechtehinweis
- CC BY-SA 4.0
- URN
- urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-db-id17034202412
- PURL
- http://digital.slub-dresden.de/id1703420241
- OAI-Identifier
- oai:de:slub-dresden:db:id-1703420241
- Weiterführender Link
- Katalogverweis
- SLUB-Katalog (PPN)
- 1703420241
- Sammlungen
- Freiherrlich von Friesen’sche Schlossbibliothek zu Rötha
- Ausgabe
- Complete In One Volume; With The Last Corrections And Improvements Of The Authors ...
- Strukturtyp
- Monographie
- Parlamentsperiode
- -
- Wahlperiode
- -
- Titel
- Chap. X. Richard I. The king’s preparations for the crusade — Sets out on the crusade — Transactions in Sicily — King’s arrival in Palestine — State of Palestine — Disorders in England — The king’s heroic actions in Palestine — His return from Palestine — Captivity in Germany — War with France — The king’s delivery — Return to England — War with France — Death — and character of the king — Miscellaneous transactions of this reign
- Digitalisat
- SLUB Dresden
- Strukturtyp
- Kapitel
- Parlamentsperiode
- -
- Wahlperiode
- -
- Titel
- Chap. XI. John. Accession of the king — His marriage — War with France — Murder of Arthur, duke of Britanny — The king expelled from all the French provinces — The king’s quarrel with the court of Rome — Cardinal Langton appointed archbishop of Canterbury — Interdict of the kingdom — Excommunication of the king — The king’s submission to the pope — Discontents of the barons — Insurrection of the barons — Magna Charta — Renewal of the civil wars — Prince Lewis called over — Death — and character of the king
- Digitalisat
- SLUB Dresden
- Strukturtyp
- Kapitel
- Parlamentsperiode
- -
- Wahlperiode
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Inhaltsverzeichnis
- MonographieThe History Of England, From The Invasion Of Julius Caesar To ... -
- EinbandEinband -
- TitelblattTitelblatt III
- KapitelThe Life Of David Hume, Esq. Written By Himself V
- KapitelLetter From Adam Smith, LL. D. To William Strahan, Esq. XI
- InhaltsverzeichnisInhaltsverzeichnis -
- KapitelChapter I. The Britons – Romans – Saxons – the Heptarchy – The ... 1
- KapitelChap. II. Egbert – Ethelwolf – Ethelbald and Ethelbert – Ethered ... 15
- KapitelChap. III. Ethelred — Settlement of the Normans — Edmund ... 29
- KapitelChap. IV. William the Conqueror. Consequences of the battle of ... 44
- KapitelChap. V. William Rufus. Accession of William Rufus — Conspiracy ... 56
- KapitelChap. VI. Henry I. The Crusades — Accession of Henry — Marriage ... 61
- KapitelChap. VII. Stephen. Accession of Stephen—War with ... 69
- KapitelChap. VIII. Henry II. State of Europe — of France — First acts ... 74
- KapitelChap. IX. Henry II. State of Ireland — Conquest of that island — ... 86
- KapitelChap. X. Richard I. The king’s preparations for the crusade — ... 96
- KapitelChap. XI. John. Accession of the king — His marriage — War with ... 104
- KapitelChap. XII. Henry III. Settlement of the government — General ... 117
- KapitelChap. XIII. Edward I. Civil administration of the king — ... 137
- KapitelChap. XIV. Edward II. Weakness of the king — His passion for ... 158
- KapitelChap. XV. Edward III. War with Scotland — Execution of the Earl ... 167
- KapitelChap. XVI. Institution of the garter — State of France — Battle ... 184
- KapitelChap. XVII. Richard II. Government during the minority — ... 196
- KapitelChap. XVIII. Henry IV. Title of the king — An insurrection — An ... 209
- KapitelChap. XIX. Henry V. The king’s former disorders — His ... 214
- KapitelChap. XX. Henry VI. Government during the minority — State of ... 222
- KapitelChap. XXI. Henry VI. Claim of the duke of York to the crown — ... 234
- KapitelChap. XXII. Edward IV. Battle of Touton — Henry escapes into ... 242
- KapitelChap. XXIII. Edward V. And Richard III. Edward V. — State of the ... 253
- KapitelChap. XXIV. Henry VII. Edward V. — State of the court — The earl ... 262
- KapitelChap. XXV. State of foreign affairs — State of Scotland — of ... 268
- KapitelChapt. XXVI. Perkin retires to Scotland — Insurrection in the ... 276
- KapitelChap. XXVII. Henry VIII. Popularity of the new king — His ... 285
- KapitelChap. XXVIII. Wolsey’s administration — Scotch affairs — ... 293
- KapitelChap. XXIX. Digression concerning the ecclesiastical state — ... 299
- KapitelChapt.. XXX. Scruples concerning the king’s marriage — The king ... 309
- KapitelChap. XXXI. The History of England from the Invasion of Julius ... 320
- KapitelChap. XXXII. Disputation with Lambert — A Parliament — Law of ... 334
- KapitelChap. XXXIII. The History of England from the Invasion of Julius ... 342
- KapitelChap. XXXIV. Edward VI. State of the regency — Innovations in ... 354
- KapitelChap. XXXV. Discontents of the people — Insurrections — Conduct ... 364
- KapitelChap. XXXVI. Mary. The History of England from the Invasion of ... 372
- KapitelChap. XXXVII. The History of England from the Invasion of Julius ... 381
- KapitelChap. XXXVIII. Elizabeth. Queen’s popularity — Re-establishment ... 390
- KapitelChap. XXXIX. The History of England from the Invasion of Julius ... 404
- KapitelChap. XL. The History of England from the Invasion of Julius ... 423
- KapitelChap. XLI. Affairs of Scotland — Spanish affairs — Sir Francis ... 441
- KapitelChap. XLII. Zeal of the catholics — Babington’s conspiracy — ... 452
- KapitelChap. XLIII. French affairs — Murder of the duke of Guise — ... 469
- KapitelChap. XLIV. State of Ireland — Tyrone’s rebellion — Essex sent ... 478
- KapitelChap. XLV. James I. Introduction — James’s first transactions — ... 491
- KapitelChap. XLVI. Gunpowder conspiracy — A parliament — Truce betwixt ... 497
- KapitelChap. XLVII. Death of Prince Henry — Marriage of the Princess ... 504
- KapitelChap. XLVIII. The History of England from the Invasion of Julius ... 511
- KapitelChap. XLIX. Negociations with regard to the marriage and the ... 518
- KapitelChap. L. Charles I. A parliament at Westminster — At Oxford — ... 526
- KapitelChap. LI. Third parliament — Petition of right — Prorogation — ... 534
- KapitelChap. LII. Peace with France — Peace with Spain — State of the ... 543
- KapitelChap. LIII. Discontents in Scotland — Introduction of the canons ... 552
- KapitelChap. LIV. Meeting of the long parliament — Strafford and Laud ... 561
- KapitelChap. LV. Settlement of Scotland — Conspiracy in Ireland — ... 574
- KapitelChap. LVI. Commencement of the civil war — State of parties — ... 589
- KapitelChap. LVII. Invasion of the Scots — Battle of Marston-moor — ... 601
- KapitelChap. LVIII. Montrose’s victories — The new model of the army — ... 610
- KapitelChap. LIX. Mutiny of the army — The king seized by Joyce — The ... 619
- KapitelChap. LXVII. The Popish plot – Oates’s narrative – And character ... 626
- KapitelChap. LX. The Commonwealth. State of England – Of Scotland – Of ... 635
- KapitelChap. LXI. Cromwel’s birth and private life — Barebone’s ... 650
- KapitelChap. LXII. Richard acknowledged protector — A parliament — ... 665
- KapitelChap. LXIII. Charles II. New ministery — Act of indemnity — ... 677
- KapitelChap. LXIV. A new session — Rupture with Holland — A new session ... 687
- KapitelChap. LXV. A Parliament — The Cabal — Their Characters — Their ... 699
- KapitelChap. LXVI. Schemes of the Cabal — Remonstrances of Sir William ... 713
- KapitelChap. LXVII. The Popish plot – Oates’s narrative – And character ... 726
- KapitelChap. LXVIII. State of parties – State of the ministry – ... 738
- KapitelChap. LXIX. State of affairs in Ireland — Shaftesbury acquitted ... 747
- KapitelChap. LXX. James II. King’s first transactions — A parliament — ... 759
- KapitelChap. LXXI. Conduct of the prince of Orange — He forms a league ... 771
- AnhangAppendix 786
- KapitelThe history of England from the revolution to the death of ... 823
- KapitelThe history of England from the revolution to the death of ... 996
- KapitelThe history of England from the revolution to the death of ... 1106
- RegisterIndex 1355
- EinbandEinband 1420
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104 sound and well-regulated policy. As military talents make great impression on the people, he seems to have been much beloved by his English subjects; and he is remarked to have been the first prince of the Norman line that bore any sincere reirard to tnem. He passed however only four months of his reign in that kingdom : the Cru sade employed him near three years; he was detained about fourteen months in captivity; the rest of his reign was spent either in war, or preparations for war, against France; and he was so pleased with the fame which he had acquired in the East, that he determined, notwith standing his past misfortunes, to have further exhausted his kingdom, and to have exposed himself to new hazards, by conducting another expedition against the infidels. Miscellaneous Though tile English pleased themselves transactions of with the glory which the king s martial this reign. genius procured them, his reign was very op pressive and somewhat arbitrary, by the high taxes which ne levied on them, and often without consent of the states or great council. In the ninth year of his reign, he levied five shillings on each hyde of land; and because the clergy refused to contribute their share, he put them out of the protection of law, and ordered the civil courts to give them no sentence for any debts which they might claim. k Twice in his reign he ordered all his charters to be sealed anew, and the parties to pay fees for the re newal. 1 It is said that Hubert, his justiciary, sent him over to France, in the space of two years, no less a sum than 1,100,000 marks, besides bearing all the charges of the government in England. But this account is quite in credible, unless we suppose that Richard made a thorough dilapidation of the demesnes of the crown, which it is not likely he could do with any advantage after his former resumption of all grants. A king, who possessed such a revenue, could never have endured fourteen months’ cap tivity, for not paying 150,000 marks to the emperor, and be obliged at last to leave hostages for a third of the sum. The prices of commodities in this reign are also a certain proof that no such enormous sum could be levied on the people. A hyde of land, or about a hundred and twenty acres, was commonly let at twenty shillings a year, money of that time. As there were 243,600 hydes in England, it is easy to compute the amount of all the landed rents of the kingdom. The general and stated price of an ox was four shillings ; of a labouring horse, the same; of a sow, one shilling; of a sheep with fine wool, ten pence; with coarse wool, sixpence. 111 These commodities seem not to have advanced in their prices since the conquest, n and to have still been ten times cheaper than at present. Richard renewed the severe laws against transgressors in his forests, whom he punished by castration and putting out their eyes, as in the reign of his great-grandfather. He established by law one weight and measure through out his kingdom :° a useful institution, which the merce nary disposition and necessities of his successor engaged him to dispense with for money. The disorders in London, derived from its bad police, had risen to a great height during this reign; and in the year 1196, there seemed to be formed so regular a con spiracy among the numerous malefactors, as threatened the city with destruction. There was one William Fitz- Osbert, commonly called Longbeard, a lawyer, who had rendered himself extremely popular among the lower rank of citizens ; and, by defending them on all occasions, had acquired the appellation of the advocate or saviour of the poor. He exerted his authority, by injuring and insulting the more substantial citizens, with whom he lived in a state of hostility, and who were every moment exposed to the most outrageous violences from him and his licentious emissaries. Murders were daily committed in the streets ; houses were broken open and pillaged in day-light; and it is pretended, that no less than fifty-two thousand persons had entered into an association, by which they k Hoveden, p. 743. Tyrrel, vol. ii. p. 563. I Prynne’s Chronol. Vindic. tom. i. p. 1133. m Hoveden, p. 745. n Madox, in his Baronia Anglica, cap. 14. fells ns, that in the 30th of Henry II. thirty-three cows and two bulls cost but eight pounds seven shillings, money of that age; 500 sheep, twenty-two pounds ten shillings, or about ten-pence three farthings per sheep; sixty-six oxen, eighteen pounds three shillings; fifteen breeding mares, two pounds twelve shil lings and six pence ; and twenty two hogs, one pound two shillings. Com- [A. D. 1199.—Chap. XI. bound themselves to obey all the orders of this dangerous ruffian. - Archbishop Hubert, who was then chief justi ciary, summoned him before the council to answer for his conduct; but he came so well attended, that no one durst accuse him, or give evidence against him; and the pri mate, finding the impotence of law, contented himself with exacting from the citizens hostages for their good beha viour. He kept, however, a watchful eye on Fitz-Osbert; and seizing a favourable opportunity, attempted to com mit him to custody; but the criminal, murdering one of the public officers, escaped with his concubine to the church of St. Mary le Bow, where he defended himself by force of arms. He was at last forced from his retreat, condemned, and executed, amidst the regrets of the popu lace, who were so devoted to his memory, that they stole his gibbet, paid the same veneration to it as to the cross, and were equally zealous in propagating and attesting reports of the miracles wrought by it.P But though the sectaries of this superstition were punished by the justi ciary, <i it received so little encouragement from the esta blished clergy, whose property was endangered by such seditious practices, that it suddenly sunk and vanished. It was during the Crusades, that the custom of using coats of arms was first introduced into Europe. The knights, cased up in armour, had no way to make them selves be known and distinguished in battle, but by the devices on their shields; and these were gradually adopted by their posterity and families, who were proud of the pious and military enterprises of their ancestors. King Richard was a passionate lover of poetry : there even remain some poetical works of his composition: and he bears a rank among the Provencal poets or Troba- dores, who were the first of the modern Europeans that distinguished themselves by attempts of that nature. CHAP. XI. JOHN. Accession of the king—His marriage—War with France—Murder of Ar thur, Duke of Brittany—lhe king expelled the French provinces—The king’s quarrel with the court of Rome—Cardinal Langton appointed Archbishop of Canterbury—1 nterdict of the kingdom—Excommunication of the king—1 lie king's submission to the Pope—Discontents of the ba rons—Insurrection of the barons—Magna Charta—Renewal of the civil wars—Prince Lewis called o\er—Death—and character of the king. The noble and free genius of the ancients, A D n „„ which made the government of a single Accession of the person be always regarded as a species of kin =- tyranny and usurpation, and kept them from forming any conception of a legal and regular monarchy, had ren dered them entirely ignorant both of the rights of primo geniture and a representation in succession ; inventions so necessary for preserving order in the lines of princes, for obviating the evils of civil discord and of usurpation, and for begetting moderation in that species of government, by giving security to the ruling sovereign. These inno vations arose from the feudal law; which, first intro ducing the right of primogeniture, made such a distinc tion between the families of the elder and younger brothers, that the son of the former was thought entitled to succeed to his grandfather, preferably to his uncles, though nearer allied to the deceased monarch. But though this progress of ideas was natural, it was gradual. In the age of which we treat, the practice of representa tion was indeed introduced, but not thoroughly esta blished ; and the minds of men fluctuated between oppo site principles. Richard, when he entered on the Holy War, declared his nephew, Arthur, Duke of Brittany, his successor; and by a formal deed, he set aside, in his modifies seem then to have been about ten times cheaper than at present; all except the sheep, probably on account of the value of the fleece. The same author, in his Formulare Anglicanum, p. 17- says, I hat in the 10th year of Richard I. mention is made of ten per cent, paid for money: but the .Jews frequently exacted much higher interest. o M. Paris, p. 109. 134. Trivet, p. 127. Ann. Waved. p. 155 Hove- den, p. 774. p Hoveden, p. 755. Diceto, p. 691. Newbrig. p. 492, 493. q Gervase, p. 1551. HISTORY OF ENGLAND.
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