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The History Of England, From The Invasion Of Julius Caesar To The Revolution Of 1688
- Titel
- The History Of England, From The Invasion Of Julius Caesar To The Revolution Of 1688
- Autor
- Hume, David
- Smollett, Tobias George
- Verleger
- Robinson
- Erscheinungsort
- London
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 1833
- Umfang
- XIV Seiten, 10 ungezählte Seiten, 1354 Seiten, 60 ungezählte Seiten
- Sprache
- Englisch
- Signatur
- 2019 9 000401
- Vorlage
- SLUB Dresden
- Digitalisat
- SLUB Dresden
- Lizenz-/Rechtehinweis
- CC BY-SA 4.0
- URN
- urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-db-id17034202412
- PURL
- http://digital.slub-dresden.de/id1703420241
- OAI-Identifier
- oai:de:slub-dresden:db:id-1703420241
- Weiterführender Link
- Katalogverweis
- SLUB-Katalog (PPN)
- 1703420241
- Sammlungen
- Freiherrlich von Friesen’sche Schlossbibliothek zu Rötha
- Ausgabe
- Complete In One Volume; With The Last Corrections And Improvements Of The Authors ...
- Strukturtyp
- Monographie
- Parlamentsperiode
- -
- Wahlperiode
- -
- Titel
- Chap. XLVI. Gunpowder conspiracy — A parliament — Truce betwixt Spain and the United Provinces — A parliament — Death of the French King — Arminianism — State of Ireland
- Digitalisat
- SLUB Dresden
- Strukturtyp
- Kapitel
- Parlamentsperiode
- -
- Wahlperiode
- -
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- MonographieThe History Of England, From The Invasion Of Julius Caesar To ... -
- EinbandEinband -
- TitelblattTitelblatt III
- KapitelThe Life Of David Hume, Esq. Written By Himself V
- KapitelLetter From Adam Smith, LL. D. To William Strahan, Esq. XI
- InhaltsverzeichnisInhaltsverzeichnis -
- KapitelChapter I. The Britons – Romans – Saxons – the Heptarchy – The ... 1
- KapitelChap. II. Egbert – Ethelwolf – Ethelbald and Ethelbert – Ethered ... 15
- KapitelChap. III. Ethelred — Settlement of the Normans — Edmund ... 29
- KapitelChap. IV. William the Conqueror. Consequences of the battle of ... 44
- KapitelChap. V. William Rufus. Accession of William Rufus — Conspiracy ... 56
- KapitelChap. VI. Henry I. The Crusades — Accession of Henry — Marriage ... 61
- KapitelChap. VII. Stephen. Accession of Stephen—War with ... 69
- KapitelChap. VIII. Henry II. State of Europe — of France — First acts ... 74
- KapitelChap. IX. Henry II. State of Ireland — Conquest of that island — ... 86
- KapitelChap. X. Richard I. The king’s preparations for the crusade — ... 96
- KapitelChap. XI. John. Accession of the king — His marriage — War with ... 104
- KapitelChap. XII. Henry III. Settlement of the government — General ... 117
- KapitelChap. XIII. Edward I. Civil administration of the king — ... 137
- KapitelChap. XIV. Edward II. Weakness of the king — His passion for ... 158
- KapitelChap. XV. Edward III. War with Scotland — Execution of the Earl ... 167
- KapitelChap. XVI. Institution of the garter — State of France — Battle ... 184
- KapitelChap. XVII. Richard II. Government during the minority — ... 196
- KapitelChap. XVIII. Henry IV. Title of the king — An insurrection — An ... 209
- KapitelChap. XIX. Henry V. The king’s former disorders — His ... 214
- KapitelChap. XX. Henry VI. Government during the minority — State of ... 222
- KapitelChap. XXI. Henry VI. Claim of the duke of York to the crown — ... 234
- KapitelChap. XXII. Edward IV. Battle of Touton — Henry escapes into ... 242
- KapitelChap. XXIII. Edward V. And Richard III. Edward V. — State of the ... 253
- KapitelChap. XXIV. Henry VII. Edward V. — State of the court — The earl ... 262
- KapitelChap. XXV. State of foreign affairs — State of Scotland — of ... 268
- KapitelChapt. XXVI. Perkin retires to Scotland — Insurrection in the ... 276
- KapitelChap. XXVII. Henry VIII. Popularity of the new king — His ... 285
- KapitelChap. XXVIII. Wolsey’s administration — Scotch affairs — ... 293
- KapitelChap. XXIX. Digression concerning the ecclesiastical state — ... 299
- KapitelChapt.. XXX. Scruples concerning the king’s marriage — The king ... 309
- KapitelChap. XXXI. The History of England from the Invasion of Julius ... 320
- KapitelChap. XXXII. Disputation with Lambert — A Parliament — Law of ... 334
- KapitelChap. XXXIII. The History of England from the Invasion of Julius ... 342
- KapitelChap. XXXIV. Edward VI. State of the regency — Innovations in ... 354
- KapitelChap. XXXV. Discontents of the people — Insurrections — Conduct ... 364
- KapitelChap. XXXVI. Mary. The History of England from the Invasion of ... 372
- KapitelChap. XXXVII. The History of England from the Invasion of Julius ... 381
- KapitelChap. XXXVIII. Elizabeth. Queen’s popularity — Re-establishment ... 390
- KapitelChap. XXXIX. The History of England from the Invasion of Julius ... 404
- KapitelChap. XL. The History of England from the Invasion of Julius ... 423
- KapitelChap. XLI. Affairs of Scotland — Spanish affairs — Sir Francis ... 441
- KapitelChap. XLII. Zeal of the catholics — Babington’s conspiracy — ... 452
- KapitelChap. XLIII. French affairs — Murder of the duke of Guise — ... 469
- KapitelChap. XLIV. State of Ireland — Tyrone’s rebellion — Essex sent ... 478
- KapitelChap. XLV. James I. Introduction — James’s first transactions — ... 491
- KapitelChap. XLVI. Gunpowder conspiracy — A parliament — Truce betwixt ... 497
- KapitelChap. XLVII. Death of Prince Henry — Marriage of the Princess ... 504
- KapitelChap. XLVIII. The History of England from the Invasion of Julius ... 511
- KapitelChap. XLIX. Negociations with regard to the marriage and the ... 518
- KapitelChap. L. Charles I. A parliament at Westminster — At Oxford — ... 526
- KapitelChap. LI. Third parliament — Petition of right — Prorogation — ... 534
- KapitelChap. LII. Peace with France — Peace with Spain — State of the ... 543
- KapitelChap. LIII. Discontents in Scotland — Introduction of the canons ... 552
- KapitelChap. LIV. Meeting of the long parliament — Strafford and Laud ... 561
- KapitelChap. LV. Settlement of Scotland — Conspiracy in Ireland — ... 574
- KapitelChap. LVI. Commencement of the civil war — State of parties — ... 589
- KapitelChap. LVII. Invasion of the Scots — Battle of Marston-moor — ... 601
- KapitelChap. LVIII. Montrose’s victories — The new model of the army — ... 610
- KapitelChap. LIX. Mutiny of the army — The king seized by Joyce — The ... 619
- KapitelChap. LXVII. The Popish plot – Oates’s narrative – And character ... 626
- KapitelChap. LX. The Commonwealth. State of England – Of Scotland – Of ... 635
- KapitelChap. LXI. Cromwel’s birth and private life — Barebone’s ... 650
- KapitelChap. LXII. Richard acknowledged protector — A parliament — ... 665
- KapitelChap. LXIII. Charles II. New ministery — Act of indemnity — ... 677
- KapitelChap. LXIV. A new session — Rupture with Holland — A new session ... 687
- KapitelChap. LXV. A Parliament — The Cabal — Their Characters — Their ... 699
- KapitelChap. LXVI. Schemes of the Cabal — Remonstrances of Sir William ... 713
- KapitelChap. LXVII. The Popish plot – Oates’s narrative – And character ... 726
- KapitelChap. LXVIII. State of parties – State of the ministry – ... 738
- KapitelChap. LXIX. State of affairs in Ireland — Shaftesbury acquitted ... 747
- KapitelChap. LXX. James II. King’s first transactions — A parliament — ... 759
- KapitelChap. LXXI. Conduct of the prince of Orange — He forms a league ... 771
- AnhangAppendix 786
- KapitelThe history of England from the revolution to the death of ... 823
- KapitelThe history of England from the revolution to the death of ... 996
- KapitelThe history of England from the revolution to the death of ... 1106
- RegisterIndex 1355
- EinbandEinband 1420
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closures ; but carefully avoided committing 4th “ y ’ any other outrage. This insurrection was easily suppressed, and though great lenity was used to wards the rioters, yet were some of the ringleaders punished. The chief cause of that trivial commotion seems to have been, of itself, far from trivial. The prac tice still continued in England, of disusing tillage, and throwing the land into enclosures for the sake of pasture. Bv this means the kingdom was depopulated, at least pre vented from increasing so much in people as might have been expected from the daily increase of industry and com merce. A. D. 1608. Next year presents us with nothing memor- A. D. 1609. able: but in the spring of the subsequent, .. a ' on = ne ~ oci ation, was concluded, by a Spam •^>•1'the truce of twelve years, that war, which for United Pro- near half a century had been carried on with ' ln ' such fury between Spain and the States of the United Provinces. Never contest seemed, at first, more unequal: never contest was finished with more honour to the weaker party. On the side of Spain were numbers, riches, authority, discipline: on the side of the revolted provinces were found the attachment to liberty and the enthusiasm of religion. By her naval enterprises the re public maintained her armies ; and, joining peaceful industry to military valour, she was enabled, by her own force, to support herself, and gradually rely less on those neighbouring princes, who, from jealousy to Spain, were at first prompted to encourage her revolt. I.ong had the pride of that monarchy prevailed over her interest, and prevented her from hearkening to any terms of accommo dation with her rebellious subjects. But finding all inter course cut off between her provinces by the maritime force of the States, she at last agreed to treat with them as a free people, and solemnly to renounce all claim and pretension to tneir sovereignty. March 30 This chief point being gained, the treaty a ’ was easily brought to a conclusion, under the joint mediation and guarantee of France and England. All exterior appearances of honour were paid equally to both crowns : but very different were the sentiments which the States, as well as all Europe, entertained of the princes who wore them. Frugality and vigour, the chief circum stances which procure regard among foreign nations, shone out as conspicuously in Henry as they were deficient in James. To a contempt of the English monarch, Henry seems to have added a considerable degree of jealousy and aversion, which were sentiments altogether without found ation. James was just and fair in all transactions with his allies, h but it appears from the memoirs of those times, that each side deemed him partial towards their adversary, and fancied that he had entered into secret measures against them. 1 So little equity have men in their judgments of their own affairs; and so dangerous is that entire neu trality affected by the king of England 1 A. n. 1610. The little concern which James took in Feb. 9. foreign affairs renders the domestic occur- A parliament. rences , particularly those of parliament, the most interesting of his reign. A new session was held this spring; the king full of hopes of receiving supply; the Commons of circumscribing his prerogative. The Earl of Salisbury, now created treasurer on the death of the Earl of Dorset, laid open the king’s necessities, first to the Peers, then to a committee of the lower House. k He in sisted on the unavoidable expense incurred in supporting the navy, and in suppressing a late insurrection in Ireland : he mentioned three numerous courts which the king was obliged to maintain, for himself, for the queen, and for the Prince of Wales: he observed, that Queen Elizabeth, though a single woman, had received very large supplies in the years preceding her death, which alone were expen sive to her : and he remarked, that, during her reign, she had alienated many of the crown lands; an expedient which, though it supplied her present necessities, without laying burdens on her people, extremely multiplied the h The plan of accommodation which James recommended is found in Winwood, vol. ii. p. 429, 430. and is the same that was recommended by Henry, as we learn from Jeanin, tom. iii. p. 416. 417. It had long been imagined by historians, from Jeanin’s authority, that James had declared to the court of Spain that he would not support the Dutch in their preten sions to liberty and independence. But it has since been discovered by necessities of her successor. From all these causes he thought it nowise strange, that the king’s income should fall short so great a sum as eighty-one thousand pounds of his stated and regular expense ; without mentioning con tingencies, which ought always to be esteemed a fourth of the yearly charges. And as the crown was now neces sarily burdened with a great and urgent debt of 300,000 pounds, he thence inferred the absolute necessity of an immediate and large supply from the people. M reh 21 To all these reasons, which James likewise urged in a speech addressed to both Houses, the Commons remained inexorable. But, not to shock the king with an absolute refusal, they granted him one subsidy and one fifteenth ; which would scarcely amount to a hundred thousand pounds. And James received the mortification of discovering, in vain, all his wants, and of begging aid of subjects who had no reasonable indulgence or considera tion for him. Among the many causes of disgust and quarrel, which now daily and unavoidably multiplied between prince and parliament, this article of money is to be regarded as none of the least considerable. After the discovery and con quest of the West Indies, gold and silver became every day more plentiful in England, as well as in the rest of Europe ; and the price of all commodities and provisions rose to a height beyond what had been known since the declension of the Roman empire. As the revenue of the crown rose not in proportion, 1 the prince was insensibly reduced to poverty amidst the general riches of his sub jects, and required additional funds, in order to support the same magnificence and force which had been main tained by former monarchs. But, while money thus flowed into England, we may observe, that, at the same time, and probably from that very cause, arts and industry of all kinds received a mighty increase; and elegance in every enjoyment of life became better known and more culti vated among all ranks of people. The king’s servants, both civil and military, his courtiers, his ministers, de manded more ample supplies from the impoverished prince, and were not contented with the same simplicity of living which had satisfied their ancestors. The prince himself began to regard an increase of pomp and splen dour as requisite to support the dignity of his character, and to preserve the same superiority above his subjects, which his predecessors had enjoyed. Some equality too, and proportion to the other sovereigns of Europe, it was natural for him to desire; and as thev bad universally enlarged their revenue, and multiplied their taxes, the King of England deemed it reasonable that his sub jects, who were generally as rich as theirs, should bear with patience some additional burdens and imposi tions. Unhappily for the king, those very riches, with the in creasing knowledge of the age, bred opposite sentiments in his subjects ; and begetting a spirit of freedom and in dependence, disposed them to pay little regard either to the entreaties or menaces of their sovereign. While the barons possessed their former immense property and ex tensive jurisdictions, they were apt, at every disgust, to endanger the monarch, and throw the w’hole government into confusion : but this confusion often, in its turn, proved favourable to the monarch, and made the nation again sub mit to him in order to re-establish justice and tranquillity. After the power of alienations, as well as the increase of commerce, had throwm the balance of property into the hands of the Commons, the situation of affairs, and the dispositions of men, became susceptible of a more regular plan of liberty; and the laws were not supported singly by the authority of the sovereign. And though in that interval, after the decline of the Peers, and before the people bad experienced their force, the princes assumed an exorbitant power, and had almost annihilated the con stitution under the weight of their prerogative ; as soon as the Commons recovered from their lethargy, they seem to have been astonished at the danger, and were resolved to "Winwood’s Memorials, vol. ii. p. 456. 466. 469. 475, 476. that that report was founded on a lie of President Richardot’s. i Winw. and Jeanin, passim. k Journ. 17 Feb. 1609. Kennet, p. 681. I Besides the great alienation of the crown lands, the fee farm rents never increased, anti the other lands were let on long leases, and at a great undervalue, little or nothing above the old rent.
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