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288 HISTORY OF LACE. the charges for the king’s mourning ruffs, an edging at l id. the piece is alone recorded. 42 Fig. 1H. Mary, Countess of Pembroke. + 1621. From her portrait in Walpole’s “ Royal and Noble Authors.” 42 About this time a complaint is made by the London tradesmen, of the influx of refugee artisans, “ who keepe theirc misteries to themselves, which hath made them bould of late to device engines for workinge lace, &c., and such wherein one man doth more among them than seven Englishmen can doe, soe as tlieire cheapo sale of those commodities beggaretli all our English artificers of that trade and enriclieth them,” which becomes “ scarce tolleruble,” they conclude. Cecil, in consequence, orders a census to be made in 1021. Among the traders appears u one satten lace maker.” Colchester is bitterly irate against the Dutch strangers, and complains of one “ Jonas Snav, a Bay and Say maker, whose wife selleth blacke, browne, and white thredde, and all sorts of bone lace and vatuegardes, which they receive out of Holland. One Isaac Bowman, an Alyen born, a chirurgeon and merchant, selleth lioppes, bone lace, and such like, to the great grievance of the free bur gesses.” A nest of refugee lace-makers, ‘‘who came out of France by reason of the late ‘ trobles ’ yet continuing,” were congre gated at Dover (1621-2). A list of about five-and-twenty “widows, being makers of Bone lace,” is given, and then Mary